Novel high-resolution data to unravel distribution, mechanisms and anthropogenic threats to freshwater macrophytes worldwide

This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1304502), National Science Foundation of China (31770566), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (SCU2024D003), the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, China (2023NSFSC1280). Y.P. acknowledges the funds from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (E429S10101); and the Innovation Team Project of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2023CXTD03). L.L.I. was financially supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Program (DGECR-2022-00328). J.A. acknowledges funding from the Kvantum Institute on the project ‘Unraveling the effects of contemporary and historical changes in climate and land use on freshwater biodiversity in high-latitude regions of Europe and North America’.

The data and code that support the findings of this study were provided in Tables S1–S4, Github (https://github.com/Xiaoting-Xu/Global_Macrophyte_Diversity) and Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18332391 (Wang et al., 2026).