Roadmap for recycling practices and resource utilization in the iron and steelmaking industry: a case studies

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support of K1-MET GmbH, metallurgical competence center. The research program of the K1-MET competence center is supported by COMET (Competence Center for Excellent Technologies), the Austrian program for competence centers. COMET is funded by the Federal Ministry of Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology, the Federal Ministry of Labor and Economy, the Federal States of Upper Austria, Tyrol and Styria as well as the Styrian Business Promotion Agency (SFG) and the Standortagentur Tyrol. Furthermore, Upper Austrian Research GmbH continuously supports K1-MET. Additionally, I. Bellemans holds a grant from the Research Foundation Flanders (Research contract no. 1239024N). The authors are also grateful for the following projects: research conducted at the University of Oulu has been funded by Business Finland within two projects, which were TOCANEM (Grant Agreement no. 41700/31/2020) and FFS (Grant Agreement no. 45774/31/2020). Project iSlag received funding from the European Union within the RFCS (Grant Agreement no. 899164).Project ReMFra is funded by the European Union within the Horizon Europe Framework Program (Clean Steel Partnership, Grant Agreement no. 101058362). Project Lighthouse Steel 4.0 receives co-funding between the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE) and Region Lombardia (Grant Agreement no. D.g.r. 19 dicembre 2018 - n. XI/1110). Project CAESAR is funded by the European Union within the Horizon Europe Framework Program (Clean Steel Partnership, Grant Agreement no 101058520). Project Torero received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program (Grant Agreement no. 745810). Project Steelanol received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program (Grant Agreement no. 656437). Additional funding was received from the Flemish program of Ecology and Transition Support, and the Belgian Energy Transition Fund. Project BIOCOde is funded by the European Union within the RFCS (Research Fund for Coal and Steel, Grant Agreement no. 101112264). Projects GREENEAF (Grant Agreement no. RFSR-CT-2009-00004) and GREENEAF2 (Grant Agreement no. RFSP-CT-2014-00003) both received funding from the European Union within the RFCS. Project BioReSteel is funded by the European Union within the RFCS (Grant Agreement no. 101112383). Project OSMET 3.0 is financially supported from the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation System (VINNOVA, Grant Agreement no. 2020-04140). Project GreenHeatEAF is funded by the European Union within the Horizon Europe Framework Program (Clean Steel Partnership, Grant Agreement no. 101092328). Project Smart-Life received funding from the European Union’s LIFE+ Program (LIFE19-CCM_BE_001215). Project OnlyPlastic received funding from the European Union within the RFCS (Grant Agreement no. 899415). Project ZEUS is funded by the Austrian Klima- und Energiefonds and is carried out within the Energy Research Program 2022 (FFG project number FO999903855). Project WHAM received funding from the European Union within the RFCS (Grant Agreement no. 800654). Project SPIRE-SAIS received funding from the European Union’s Erasmus+ Program (Grant Agreement no. 612429-EPP-1-2019-1-DE-EPPKA2-SSA-B). Project ESSA received funding from the European Union’s Erasmus+ Program (Grant Agreement no. 2018-3059 / 600886-EPP-1-2018-1-DE-EPPKA2-SSA-B).

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.